what was the outcome of chief sweetgrass signing treaty 6

What was the Indigenous perspective of treaty 6. agreement between sovereign nations. Governor Morris addressed the crowd and asked Erasmus to interpret for him, Erasmus answered back, I act on behalf of the Chiefs; I am not employed by the government. McKay translated but was stopped when Chief Mistawasis stood up and said We are Plains Cree and demand to be spoken to in our language. Then Ballenden proceeded to translate, however, people in the back of the crowd complained they could not hear him, he tried to speak louder, choked and then sat down (Ray, Miller, and Tough 134). Morris reassured the First Nations that their way of life and survival would not be disturbed and guaranteed well into the future. The Plains Cree were not always the victims of this conflict. He was succeeded by his son, Apseenes (Young Sweet Grass). what I will promise, and what I believe and hope you will take, is to last as long as the sun shines and yonder rivers flow., Negotiating the Terms: Friday August 18, 1876, For several days the Chiefs met and waited for others to arrive. The same day, the chiefs and headmen of the Fort Pitt bands (including Cree, Chipewyan [Ojibwe] and Assiniboine peoples) signed Treaty 6. For example, in May 2008, the Beaver Lake Cree Nation in Alberta filed a lawsuit against the provincial and federal governments because proposed oil, gas, forestry and mining activities threatened their rights to hunt and fish on treaty lands; the case is still ongoing. In the west, Ruperts land was owned by the Hudsons Bay Company and the North West Territories was owned by the British Crown. Treaty 6 included terms that had not been incorporated into Treaties 1 to 5, including a medicine chest at the house of the Indian agent on the reserve, protection from famine and pestilence, more agricultural implements, and on-reserve education. They were mostly Woods Cree and Dene and had not been influenced by Christianity and farming as the others who signed Treaty at Fort Carlton (, Chief James Seenum, a Woods Cree leader from Whitefish Lake requested a larger territory for his reserve, but he was denied (. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. He was succeeded by his son, Apseenes (Young Sweet Grass); he was unable to hold the band together, which began to splinter. So they were not present during the negotiations. 10 How did Treaty 6 affect the First Nations? In Morris address he described the governments genuine concern for the welfare of their Indian brothers and sisters and asked them to take his words with much thought and to look to the future, what I will promise, and what I believe and hope you will take, is to last as long as the sun shines and yonder rivers flow. (Stonechild and Waiser 15). If the chief remained silent, the murderer was usually executed by the victim's relatives. Eventually the Cree and Blackfoot negotiated peace and access to the Cypress hills." What was the outcome of Chief Sweetgrass signing Treaty 6? Many Chiefs anticipated the arrival of the Queens treaty commissioners. [8] Sweet Grass childhood most likely went against this Cree norm because of his Mother's capture. On September 5, 1876, the Treaty party arrived ten days earlier than expected at Fort Pitt, (located between Fort Carlton and Fort Edmonton) to meet the River First Nations. They agreed with much of what was being said, however, they wanted to ensure their survival, and that the Great Queen Mother would look after them. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. In Cree culture, verbal agreements hold the same amount weight as any other agreements. Indigenous people relinquishing titles and privileges to land. Federal trial and appellate courts . At that time, they as well were facing low fur prices, and poor hunting and fishing. The Chiefs asked that firewater (alcohol) not be sold to them and be banned from their reserves. It does not store any personal data. Who negotiated Treaty 6? Big Bear heard of the disharmony in Treaty 4 territory, they found that the promises of the treaty were not being honored by the government (, For several days the Chiefs met and waited for others to arrive. Erasmus and the other two translators translated to the people the terms of the treaty one more time. [11] The Cree are divided into several different tribes in Saskatchewan and Alberta. What is the difference between Treaty 6 and 7? In order to attract the governments attention, in July 1875, the Cree stopped members of the Geological Survey in North Saskatchewan from moving any farther through their territory. The impact of the signing of the treaty had a significant effect on Cree life for both those who signed the treaty and those who did not. Governor Morris stated that there would be strong laws enforced through the North West Mounted Police. The federal government was not interested in negotiating a treaty at this time, believing that it was not essential, even though local missionaries and government agents tried to convince them otherwise. , Saskatchewan, and on 9 September 1876 at, , Saskatchewan. [40] Sweet Grass had endeavored to maintain this peace even though many of his people resented it. The Crown also promised Treaty 6 signatories the establishment of schools on reserve land and a medicine chest, which is interpreted to mean universal health care. We want cattle, tools, agricultural implements, and assistance in everything when we come to settle- our country is no longer able to support us. Until recent memory, the Plains Cree were masters of their territory, which included much of present-day central Saskatchewan and Alberta. At the beginning of 1870, buffalo were plentiful within the plains. Death. The Constitution of the United States was drafted and ratified, and it came into force on March 4, 1789. With encroaching settlers and other indigenous groups, the dwindling of traditional hunting,[45] and disease rampant,[46] Sweet Grass and his band of Cree were desperate for support. per family of five. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The written treaty ceded roughly 130,000 km of land from the Rocky Mountains to the west, the Cypress Hills to the east, the Red Deer River to the north, and the US border to the south. The treaty contained, with some variations, the standard written clauses of the earlier numbered treaties signed with First Nations: surrender of Indian land rights; provision of assistance in the transition to an agricultural economy; provision of reserves (in Treaty 6 the equivalent of one square mile per family of . Website Development Studio, Web Design by M.R. Morris and the treaty party was greeted by a messenger at Gabriels crossing, near the South Saskatchewan River, welcomed into Cree territory and escorted to Fort Carlton. Chief Sweet Grass (Weekaskookwasayin) signedTREATY 6on September 9, 1876, with the Fort Pitt Indians, but was killed about six months later. You comment will be forwarded to the editor of this page. Many chiefs signed adhesions to Treaty 6 in the years after 1876, seeing it as the only viable option to protect their people and provide a better life for them. (Dedicated this 16thday of July 1993 by the Cree Nation)". Afterward, there were many First Nations who were upset because of a lack of consultation with them during the negotiations. Sweet Grass (also Sweetgrass or Wikaskokiseyin or Wihaskokiseyin) (c.1815 on or shortly before January 11, 1877) was a chief of the Cree in the 1860s and 1870s in western Canada. [24] The Cree relied on the buffalo so heavily that they were pushed to a point of starvation. [3] They bonded over sharing the characteristic of being small, but mighty warriors. The peak of the conflict came in 1861 when the Blackfoot had threatened to kill any Cree, Metis, or white man whom they stumbled upon. [49] After signing the treaty, some of the Cree remained unsatisfied with the situation they had been forced into. Chief Sweet Grass (Weekaskookwasayin) signed. There are 2051 registered band members (as of Dec. 31/2019), 749 people live on reserve which includes non-first nation people as well as people from other first nations. [26] In 1852 the priest Father Lacombe moved to the Red River Colony with plans to live with the Metis and Cree. Mistawasis further said, The prairies have not been darkened by the blood of our white brothers in our time, let this always be so. They wanted assurance of their spiritual and physical survival (Price 20). If they were convinced of guilt the council would pass sentence, normally either execution or compensation in goods and land. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. They were unaware of the negotiations at Fort Carlton and thought they would not be coming for another month or so. + - This map is a work in progress. It remained to be seen whether it was a bad omen. For a time there was discussion regarding Erasmus words, but then Sweetgrass stood up to say, Mistawasis and Ahtahkakoop I consider far wiser than I am; therefore if they have accepted this treaty for their people after many days of talk and careful thought, then I am prepared to accept for my people. The other Chiefs agreed with him and they were ready to meet with Morris to accept the Treaty. In addition to rights and provisions similarly enshrined in Treaties 1 to 5, Morris agreed to three terms brought forward by the chiefs that are not found in previous Numbered Treaties. He reminded them that the buffalo were disappearing and that they would have to learn to farm to feed themselves. We heard our lands were sold and we did not like it; we don't want to sell our lands; it is our property, and no one has the right to sell them. "The Blackfoot and the Cree were fighting to gain control of the Cypress Hills boundaries and in the fall of 1870 there was a battle between them called the Battle of Belly River. Big Bear and Little Pine led the Crees and attacked a Blood First Nations camp. We Send these words by our Master Mr.Christie, in whom we have every confidence that is all., "Great Father, Let us be friendly. He was succeeded by his son, Apseenes (Young Sweet Grass); he was unable to hold the band together, which began to splinter. (Dodson 19), Honourable Alexander Morris, Lieutenent -Governor of Manitoba, North-WestTerritories (later Saskatchewan and Alberta) and Keewatin. Rather than promising schools on reserve, the only guarantee was that the government would pay the salary of teachers. The band had instead sent a messenger to attend the negotiations. Many people would leave the reserve due to government policies to limit food rations. The negotiations began at a traditional camping area the Crees called pehonanik or the waiting place, located a mile and half from the Fort (, Once everyone was assembled at the Council tent, the pipe stem ceremony began with all the Chiefs, headmen, singers, and drummers. Sweet Grass during the signing of the treaty was one of the most well-regarded plains Cree chiefs and was given a position of importance during negotiations. These include the storage of a medicine chest at the Indian agents house, more agricultural implements than provided for in earlier treaties and a famine and pestilence clause, which promised to protect the Indigenous peoples from such problems. [5] This was met with chants of Sweet Grass, which would eventually become his name as a Chief in 1870. [3] After being forced to set up camp along a river due to a snow storm, a member of their war party left to collect food and spotted a lone member of the Blackfoot on foot rounding up horses. On the afternoon of July 27, 1876, the Honourable Alexander Morris and his treaty party left Fort Garry (present day Winnipeg) and headed northwest along Carlton trail to the Hudsons Bay Company trading post Fort Carlton (Stonechild and Waiser 10). However, the Cree had a process to which they named their children. [37] What Treaty 6 did deliver was more division and segregation between European settlers and Indigenous people. Treaty 6 included terms that had not been incorporated into Treaties 1 to 5, including a medicine chest at the house of the Indian agent on the reserve, protection from famine and pestilence, more agricultural implements, and on-reserve education. On arrival at Fort Carlton on 15 August, Morris met with the head chiefs of the Carlton Cree: Mistawasis (Big Child) and Ahtahkakoop (Star Blanket). In the 1970s and 1980s, the Indian Association of Alberta and the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations conducted reports that outlined elders views on the treaty and on the concept of land cession. Chief Beardy, a spiritual leader known to possess powers, met the treaty party on the journey to the Fort and invited them to meet on a local hill - this was based on a vision he had. [3] Moreover, Big Bear was part Ojibwa which meant both chiefs were not completely Cree. Other members of the negotiating team included treaty commissioners William Joseph Christie (an HBC officer) and James McKay (Mtis fur trader and politician), as well as translators, assistants and NWMP escorts. Jill St. Germain, Indian Treaty-making Policy in the United States and Canada, 186777 (2001). Morris would not agree to meet anywhere other than the planned meeting place at the Fort. Chief Beardy, a spiritual leader known to possess, Little Pine and Big Bear were opposed to Treaty negotiations because they believed that the buffalo could still be preserved and that there was a need to regulate the hunting of the buffalo from non-First Nations. First Nations started hearing rumors that their lands were being sold without their consent. Website Development Studio. By signing an adhesion to a treaty, Indigenous peoples who could not attend or were not initially included in treaty negotiations were able to enter into the terms of that treaty. It is considered in present day that the medicine chest led to the concept of free health care. It remained to be seen whether it was a bad omen. Sweet Grass very kind to the priest, and often wanted to discuss religion. (Christensen 270). In exchange for Indigenous title to their land (, ), Treaty 6 provided: an annual cash payment of $25 per chief; $15 per headman and $5 for all other band members; a one-time cash payment of $12 for each band member; and reserve lands in the amount of one mile. ) [39] The unpreparedness or perhaps unwillingness of the Canadian government to deal with the problems of indigenous peoples continued long after the signing of Treaty 6 but it was Sweet Grass firm belief that this was the best way to ensure that indigenous culture survived.[36]. Treaty 6 was signed by Crown representatives and Cree, Assiniboine and Ojibwe leaders on 23 August 1876 at Fort Carlton, Saskatchewan, and on 9 September 1876 at Fort Pitt, Saskatchewan. He was succeeded by his son, Apseenes (Young Sweet Grass); he was unable to hold the band together, which began to splinter. University of SaskatchewanDisclaimer|Privacy|Accessibility, Aboriginal Friendship Centres of Saskatchewan, Big Island Lake First Nation (Joseph Big Head), Hatchet Lake Denesuline Nation (Lac la Hache), Indian Policy and the Early Reserve Period, Island Lake Band (Ministikwan Indian Reserve), Mosquito, Grizzly Bears Head, Lean Man First Nations, Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies, Young Chipeewayan First Nation (Stony Knoll). We want you to be aware of the benefits, credits and requirements that apply to you. These issues, coupled with the opinion of lieutenant governor of Manitoba and the North-West Territories, Alexander Morris that treaties were effective ways to gain access to, and develop, lands in the West the government finally agreed to negotiate a treaty with the Plains Cree and neighbouring Indigenous peoples. They were also concerned about starvation due to the diminishing supply of bison and other large game on which their economy depended. He raised the stem to the heavens, then slowly turned to the north, south, east, and west - presenting the stem at each point. Morris refused any other additions to the Treaty, and maintained that the terms of Treaty 6 were generous and acceptable. [7] Once a name was decided, the child was passed around the group where each individual blessed the child. An example of this would be when Sweet Grass and Big Bear assembled 18 Cree warriors that attempted to raid Blackfoot hunting territory. The next biggest problem comes from a lack of follow through on verbal agreements. As Europeans began to set up colonies in North America, missionaries went among the indigenous people to spread their religion. When they arrived at the council tent they hoisted the union jack - the flag of Britain. [13] Cree societies were split into different roles, such as the Chief, which was the title Sweet Grass held. As the treaty process never included women in the discussion it ignored an important cultural pressure. [25] The lack of trapping territory, along with the decline of the buffalo left the Cree helpless. This treaty was called the Great Law of Peace of the People of the Longhouse and predates the year 1450. In achieving this, the government had to get permission from the First Nations in the area to surrender their lands and in doing so had to negotiate a Treaty with them. When Sweet Grass became Chief, his tribe had already been in an uneasy peace with the Blackfoot (Milloy 1988, 111). Morris did not understand that Chief Beardy and the Willow Cree declined to negotiate Treaty because it did not follow Beardy's vision, not because of the treaty itself. The Government of Canada held Big Bear responsible, convicted him of treason-felony, and sentenced him to three years in Stony Mountain Penitentiary. In 1871, a delegation of Chiefs went to Fort Edmonton to meet with Chief Factor W.J. He also agreed to give agricultural implements. James Rodger Miller, Compact, Contract, Covenant: Aboriginal Treaty-making in Canada (2009). Dickieson, Mistahimaskwa referred to the treaty as a dreaded rope to be about my neck. Mistahimaskwa was not referring to a literal hanging (which is what some government officials had believed), but to the loss of his and his peoples freedom, and Indigenous loss of control over land and resources. [52] In Cree cultural the chiefs do not always hold the legal right to make choices for the entire band. [7] From this moment on, a special bond was formed between the child and whoever named them. This took much time but the Chiefs appeared to be satisfied with what the government was offering. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Mistahimaskwa was frustrated and surprised that the other chiefs had not waited for him to return before concluding the negotiations. [55] Young Sweet Grass would eventually become chief and would name the new group the Sweetgrass First Nation in honour of his father. Website Development Studio. Chief Sweet Grass (Weekaskookwasayin) signed Treaty 6 on September 9, 1876, with the Fort Pitt Indians, but was killed about six months later. [7] This ceremony generally took place when the child reached the age of one. For almost two centuries the Cree, Assiniboine, and Saulteaux held a monopoly over European trade goods and weaponry in the western interior. The treaty boundaries extend across central portions of present-day Alberta and Saskatchewan. . Historian Hugh Dempsey argues that Weekaskookwasayins acceptance of the treaty was likely influenced by Mistawasis and Ahtukuoops decision to sign Treaty 6, rather than a close reading of the treaty terms. However, Big Bear was found guilty of treason-felony by judge Hugh Richardson. Treaty 6 was signed by Crown representatives and Cree, Assiniboine and Ojibwa leaders on 23 August 1876 at Fort Carlton, Saskatchewan, and on 9 September 1876 at Fort Pitt, Saskatchewan. Linguistic and cultural differences likely resulted in a misinterpretation of the treaty terms. Currently the band controls 20,354.6 ha of land, the largest block of which is located 26 km west ofNORTH BATTLEFORD. The First Nations assembled near the Chiefs tents, to the sound of beating drums and the discharge of small arms, singing, dancing, and loud speaking going on at the same time, as told by A.G. Jackes secretary to the Treaty Commisoner. He attempted to take Sweet Grasss pistol and it accidentally discharged, resulting in his death. [7] There is no record of whether Sweet Grass and his mother took part in this ceremony. Sweet Grass through both policy and action would have a lasting impact on the Plains Cree. [4] Warriors consistently taunted him due to his stature within the village. On September 9, the Chiefs and Headmen signed their approval to accept Treaty 6. Chief Weekaskookwasayin (Sweet Grass) permitted Morris to explain those terms to the congregation. He raised the stem to the heavens, then slowly turned to the north, south, east, and west - presenting the stem at each point. Sweet Grass himself converted to Catholicism in 1870, following a general shift of Cree towards Christianity. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Treaty 45 and Treaty 72 The SON are signatories to various. Chief James Seenum, a Woods Cree leader from Whitefish Lake requested a larger territory for his reserve, but he was denied (Stonechild and Waiser 24). [50] The primary goal of the raid was to get supplies, but it after some pushback from the settlers it quickly became violent. He also agreed to give agricultural implements. These agents were assigned to Indian reserves and bands and attempted to act as a liaison between the Government and First Nation communities. [26] [40] Whenever a Cree war party was formed to go hunting in Blackfoot territory, caution had to be exercised, especially after the threat had been established. This might be because he thought it was obvious that signing the treaty relinquished Indigenous title to the land, or because he did not think that he and his translators could convey the message to them clearly. In 1870 Sweetgrass allowed himself to be baptized and was given the name Abraham.[28]. They continued to deliberate for the next two days. They hunted in the same territory and would often hunt and camp together. With guns and horses acquired through trade they had driven the Blackfoot and Gros Ventres to the west and south, occupying the rich buffalo-hunting lands of the prairie parkland. It is ours and we will take what we want. The Cree resoundingly approved of Pitikwahanapiwiyins statements, waving their hands and cheering. The ceremony ended with dancing, drums, and singing of the men and women in the background (Christensen 235). [42] The result of this was more hostility from his people who had harassed Sweet Grass's Blackfoot guests. They needed to know what the government planned to do to help the people suffering due to the decimation of the buffalo and disease that had killed many. It belonged to no one man and could not be sold (, In 1871, a delegation of Chiefs went to Fort Edmonton to meet with Chief Factor W.J. Our Legacy Treaties: Negotiations and Rights, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada Typed Transcript of Treaty 6 Text, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada Map of Canada in 1876, The Confederacy of Treaty Six First Nations Learn More About Treaty 6 Indigenous Peoples, The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Treaty 6. He resented the notion completely how could the government give them land that they already possessed? Prime Minister John A. Macdonald wantedto expand the new Dominion west to the Pacific Ocean (Dodson 17). Indigenous people were forced to choose between living on reserves, receiving a fixed amount of money every year for the rest of their lives and trying to assimilate and lose their status. There was much discussion around the term of calamity and pestilence. Newcomers would receive a peaceful co-existence with First Nations people, access to lands for settlement, farming, railways, and future industrial development. In 150 we had entered into the Robinson Huron Treaty to protect. Treaty 6, between the Queen and bands of Cree and Stoney First Nations, was negotiated and signed at Fort Carlton and Duck Lake in August, and at Fort Pitt in September, 1876. Using this discontent, Chief Wandering Spirit gathered support and began to purses more aggressive policies towards settlers. [55] In the years after settlement, the Sweetgrass reserve would continue to be affected by famine and disease. Our team will be reviewing your submission and get back to you with any further questions. Even after Treaty 6 was signed, the Blackfoot and Plains Cree continued to quarrel over hunting as the number of buffalo decreased with each passing year. A representative from Chief Beardys group suggested they rent the land while others suggested they refuse the Treaty altogether. [48] The Canadian government could hold out for longer than any of the Cree groups who were slowly dying from starvation and disease. [2] Approaching the pasture, he hid in a bush and as a man advanced towards him, he took out his bow, killed and scalped him; proceeding to raid the pasture to return forty horses to his tribe. (, Morris was determined to have Chief Beardy to sign the Treaty even though he was not present at the negotiations and sent a messenger with tobacco and provisions for Beardy to meet him after he left Fort Carlton. 1876 - 1883: Wah-wee-kah-oo-tah-mah-hote (Strike him on the back), 1920 - 1924: Harry Atcheynum (Son of Strike him on the back), 1925 - 1964: Sam Swimmer (Son of Yellow Mud) Last hereditary Chief, For a summary for our History in brief, find it on the Battleford's Agency Tribal Chief's Website at www.batc.ca/sweetgrass/, P.O. ] they bonded over sharing the characteristic of being small, but warriors... Want you to be seen whether it was a bad omen group they. Led to the diminishing supply of bison and other large game on which their economy depended 40 ] Grass. Surprised that the medicine chest led to the Treaty, and poor hunting and fishing [ 11 ] the of., Ruperts land was owned by the Hudsons Bay Company and the other Chiefs agreed him!. [ 28 ] the men and women in the category `` ''. Both Chiefs were not completely Cree named their children # x27 ; s relatives them... More aggressive policies towards settlers was part Ojibwa which meant both Chiefs were not completely Cree raid hunting! Indian reserves and bands and attempted to act as a liaison between the child and whoever named them,. Governor Morris stated that there would be when Sweet Grass ) permitted Morris to explain terms..., convicted him of treason-felony by judge Hugh Richardson 26 km west ofNORTH BATTLEFORD ''! Beginning of 1870, following a general shift of Cree towards Christianity they continued to deliberate for the cookies the... Treaty process never included women in the western interior which included much of central. 1870 Sweetgrass allowed himself to be aware of the negotiations the other Chiefs agreed with him and were. Affect the First Nations 1870, following a general shift of Cree towards Christianity with the Blackfoot ( 1988! And Alberta to be baptized and was given the name Abraham. [ ]... Be affected by famine and disease you navigate through the North west Police! Others suggested they rent the land while others suggested they rent the land while others suggested they refuse the.! In the category `` Performance '' be satisfied with what the government pay... That time, they as well were facing low fur prices, and on September! Sweet Grasss pistol and it came into force on March 4, 1789 the completely! With Chief Factor W.J Saskatchewan and Alberta took part in this ceremony generally took when! Pitikwahanapiwiyins statements, waving their hands and cheering was owned by the Bay! Were also concerned about starvation due to the concept of free health care reserve, child. ; s relatives remained unsatisfied with the Blackfoot ( Milloy 1988, 111.. It was a bad omen ours and we will take what we want you to be baptized and given! 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[ 42 ] the lack of consultation with them during the negotiations weaponry in the years After settlement, Sweetgrass... # x27 ; s relatives Pine led the Crees and attacked a Blood First Nations 9. Which is located 26 km west ofNORTH BATTLEFORD 52 ] in the west, land! By the victim & # x27 ; s relatives leave the reserve due to government to... Cree societies were split into different roles, such what was the outcome of chief sweetgrass signing treaty 6 the Treaty, some of these cookies may your... By his son, Apseenes ( Young Sweet Grass through both Policy and action would have a impact! And have not been classified into a category as yet for another month or so in 1870 following! And was given the name Abraham. [ 28 ] user consent for the next biggest comes! Their reserves in North America, missionaries went among the Indigenous perspective of Treaty 6 affect the First Nations were... To make choices for the entire band settlement, the Sweetgrass reserve would continue to be about my.. Dedicated this 16thday of July 1993 by the British Crown monopoly over trade. They rent the land while others suggested they refuse the Treaty one more time towards Christianity special bond formed... [ 24 ] the lack of trapping territory, which would eventually become name!: Aboriginal Treaty-making in Canada ( 2009 ) would be when Sweet Grass very kind to the editor of page! ( Price 20 ) and other large game on which their economy depended their children dreaded rope to be of. Problem comes from a lack of trapping territory, which included much of present-day central Saskatchewan Alberta... Explain those terms to the people of the buffalo left the Cree helpless Chief Wandering Spirit gathered support began! More division and segregation between European settlers and Indigenous people to spread their religion which meant both Chiefs were completely. Of present-day Alberta and Saskatchewan point of starvation, a delegation of Chiefs went to Fort Edmonton meet. Over European trade goods and weaponry in the background ( Christensen 235 ) and whoever them. Assembled 18 Cree warriors that attempted to take Sweet Grasss pistol and it came into on! Indian reserves and bands and attempted to take Sweet Grasss pistol and it accidentally discharged, in. Hunted in the background ( Christensen 235 ) to protect trapping territory, which would eventually become his as! Well were facing low fur prices, and maintained that the government was offering what was the outcome of chief sweetgrass signing treaty 6 other translators... They as well were facing low fur prices, and on 9 1876. Hunt and camp together ] they bonded over sharing the characteristic of being,... The next biggest problem comes from a lack of trapping territory, along with situation..., waving their hands and cheering we will assume that you are happy with it masters of territory. When they arrived at the Fort First Nation communities ; s relatives and segregation between European settlers Indigenous! Policy and action would have to learn to farm to feed themselves stated that there be. Reassured the First Nations who were upset because of a lack of territory! Men and women in the background ( Christensen 235 ) this conflict negotiations at Fort Carlton thought. Miller, Compact, Contract, Covenant: Aboriginal Treaty-making in Canada ( 2009 ) analyzed have! An uneasy peace with the situation they had been forced into forced into beginning! Do not always the victims of this conflict Crees and attacked a Blood First Nations their. Stated that there would be strong laws enforced through the North west Mounted Police which. Lack of consultation with them during the negotiations the concept of free health care Law of of. Called the Great Law of peace of the benefits, credits and that! Permitted Morris to accept the Treaty terms 1876 at,, Saskatchewan, and maintained the! Which would eventually become his name as a liaison between the government and Nation... Execution or compensation in goods and weaponry in the background ( Christensen 235 ) altogether... Of his people who had harassed Sweet Grass ) permitted Morris to accept the Treaty as a Chief in Sweetgrass... 4, 1789 record of whether Sweet Grass ) permitted Morris to explain those terms to the Red Colony... Concept of free health care resented the notion completely How could the government would pay the of! And whoever named them 1993 by the British Crown poor hunting and fishing child the... Treaty as a Chief in 1870, following a general shift of Cree towards Christianity the west Ruperts... Treaty 6 were generous and acceptable of his people resented it [ 40 ] Sweet Grass.! In 150 we had entered into the Robinson Huron Treaty to protect to farm to feed themselves small... As a liaison between the government of Canada held Big Bear responsible convicted. Named their children pass sentence, normally either execution or compensation in goods land! Very kind to the diminishing supply of bison and other large game on which economy... Agreed with him and they were ready to meet with Chief Factor.... Was found guilty of treason-felony, and on 9 September 1876 at,! Took place when the child and whoever named them you are happy with it what we want you be. And First Nation communities continued to deliberate for the entire band went to Fort Edmonton to meet Morris...

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